Dynamics CRM on-premises – How authentication works

Applies to: Dynamics CRM 2011, 2013, 2015, 2016 and Dynamics 365 on-premises

In a Dynamics CRM on-premises deployment, you have to decide, which authentication type you choose: Windows authentication or claims-based authentication.
To illustrate how it works, there are old blog articles from Dynamics CRM 2011, there are very helpful for current on-premises deployments…